Electronic devices used in vehicles to measure the oxygen content in the exhaust gases, providing real-time data to the engine control unit (ECU) to optimize the air-fuel mixture for efficient combustion.

• Advantages: Improves fuel efficiency, reduce harmful emissions, enhance engine performance, assist in early problem detection, and ensure compliance with emission regulations.

• Applications: Used in automotive, industrial, marine, and power generation engines to monitor and adjust the air-fuel mixture, control emissions, ensure optimal combustion, and optimize performance.